Tuesday, May 21, 2013

The Amendments ( :

Study these. Know these. Test Day 1. United States Amendments 1-27 Amendment 1 – Freedom of Religion, Speech and the Press; Rights of Assembly and Petition. Amendment 2 - Right to Bear Arms The amendment was adopted so that Congress could not disarm a state militia. Amendment 3 – No quartering of troops. Amendment 4 – Search and Seizure You may not be searched or have property seized without probable cause and/or a search warrant. Amendment 5 - Rights of the accused (No Self-incrimination, NO Double Jeopardy, Due Process, Right of eminent domain (government CAN take your land/property for government use but must compensate you). Amendment 6- Rights to a Fair Trial (Speedy and Public Trial by Jury*, Tried in state where crime was committed, Informed of charges against accused, Witnesses, Right to a lawyer) Amendment 7- Rights in Civil Cases (Trial by jury in civil cases over $20) Amendment 8 – Cruel and Unusual Punishment Bails, fines and punishments must be humane and fit the crime committed Amendment 9 – Rights Retained by the People Any rights not listed in the Constitution are still protected Amendment 10 – Powers Retained by the States and the People States or people have all powers not given to national government. (ie: marriage) Amendment 11 – Lawsuits Against States It is impossible for the citizen of one state to sue another state. (So, Salem can’t sue Iowa) Amendment 12 – Regarding the Election of President and Vice President (1804) Provides that members of the electoral college (called electors), vote for one person as president and one person as vice president. Amendment 13 – Abolition of Slavery Amendment 14- Civil Rights - Slaves recieve Citizenship and protection of due process (defines citizenship, establishes principle of equal protection under the law, protects due process rights and INCORPORATES the Bill of Rights, which means the Bill of Rights now protected people from states as well as the federal government. Amendment 15 – African American Suffrage Amendment 16 – Income Taxes Congress has the power to lay and collect taxes on incomes Amendment 17- Direct Election of Senators The states have the power to directly elect senators to represent them. (before this, the state legislature decided who the senators were) Amendment 18- Prohibition of Liquor (1919) Forbade people to make, sell, or transport liquor. Amendment 19- Women’s Suffrage Gives women the power to vote Amendment 20- Terms of President and Congress Moves the date that newly elected presidents and members of Congress take office close to election time. President: January 20th, Congress: January 3rd Amendment 21-Repeal of Prohibition Repeals the 18th amendment. Amendment 22- Limitation of Presidents to Two Terms No person can be elected president more than twice. Amendment 23- Suffrage in the District of Columbia Allows citizens of Washington D.C. to vote in the presidential elections. However, they cannot vote for members of Congress. Amendment 24-Poll Taxes Forbids making voters pay a poll tax before they can vote in a national election. Amendment 25- Presidential Disability and Succession If president is removed, dies, or resigns, the vice president becomes president. The president fulfills a vice president vacancy, by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress. Amendment 26- Suffrage for 18-Year-Olds Voting age moved to 18 Amendment 27- Congressional Pay Raises Any increase in congressional pay does not go into effect until after the next regular election of the House of Representatives.